BioMasterDifference between mitosis and meiosis
The star comparison in General Biology. Here is the mitosis–meiosis difference in a table, the phases of each and the trap that costs points.
Direct answer: Mitosis is 1 division and produces 2 diploid (2n) daughter cells identical to the parent; it is for growth and repair. Meiosis is 2 divisions and produces 4 haploid (n) daughter cells that are genetically different; it forms gametes and creates variability.
Comparison table: mitosis vs meiosis
| Mitosis | Meiosis | |
|---|---|---|
| Divisions | 1 | 2 (meiosis I and II) |
| Daughter cells | 2 | 4 |
| Final ploidy | Diploid (2n) | Haploid (n) |
| Genetic result | Identical to parent | Different (variability) |
| Recombination | No | Yes (crossing-over) |
| Function | Growth, repair, asexual reproduction | Gamete formation |
| Where | Somatic cells | Germ cells |
Phases of mitosis (PMAT)
Prophase (chromosomes condense) → Metaphase (align at the equator) → Anaphase (sister chromatids separate) → Telophase (2 nuclei form), followed by cytokinesis.
Phases of meiosis
Meiosis I (reductional): in prophase I, crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes; in anaphase I the homologues separate. Reduces 2n to n.
Meiosis II (equational): similar to a mitosis; sister chromatids separate. Result: 4 haploid cells.
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Study Biology free on BioMasterFrequently asked questions
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces 2 identical diploid cells; meiosis produces 4 different haploid cells with genetic variability.
How many daughter cells does each produce?
Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells; meiosis, 4.
In which phase is the chromosome number reduced?
In meiosis I (anaphase I), when the homologous chromosomes separate.